The need for whole health data

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We all know data is important. Over the past two decades, business intelligence became ubiquitous across industries, enabling organizations to gather, analyze and visualize vast amounts of information to make informed decisions. Today, those same tools – augmented with advanced artificial intelligence, machine learning and powerful analytics – have emerged as an important asset in health care, a sector that remains a study in technology extremes.

On one hand, clinical environments are increasingly marked by some of the most advanced technology, from sophisticated imaging innovations and connected medical devices to breakthroughs in genomics and personalized medicine that test the boundaries of supercomputing. On the other, fundamental business processes like approvals continue to rely on outdated methods from FAX machines to paperwork.

Most strikingly though, in a time when data is considered the new “oil,” is the continued inability of physicians to attain, consolidate and utilize the “whole health” data they need to determine the best course of care, achieve successful patient outcomes and maximize the financial success of their practices. The resulting data gap is significant.

Bridging one gap only to find another

In recent years, significant progress was made to address the data gap between payers and providers. Despite the vast volume of clinical data in their possession, physicians historically struggled to access the population-level intelligence held by payers. Conversely, payers had insight into trends shaping cohorts of patients, but limited intelligence on the crucial nuances of care that dramatically impact individualpatient outcomes.

The shift from a fee-for-service to a value-based care approach quickly illuminated the importance of bridging this fundamental data gap, and forced payers and practices to more effectively share information to address performance and payment incentives. Significant gains followed, even as the move to a value-based approach revealed the importance and absence of an equally fundamental gap i.e. the absence of “whole health” data.

What is “whole health” data and why is it important?

“Whole health” data is the information that, when combined with traditional clinical data, empowers practices to fully impact the one metric that matters most – patient outcomes. For that reason, and because value-based approaches depend on outcomes, “whole health” data is also what enables practices to excel in the move to incentivized payment models, including HEDIS and Stars ratings, that impact profitability.

From a data science perspective, “whole health” data must therefore include information relevant to each patient’s outcome. This includes SDOH, insights on mental and behavioral health and diagnoses, and insights gained through the use of mobile devices – all consolidated on a platform that enables non-technical clinical users to uncover actionable insights with the powerful algorithms and models modern machine learning applications deliver. A quick exploration of each of these data categories reveals why it is imperative for practices to include them in patient assessments and care regimens.

SDOH data

Research shows that 80% of an individual’s health is determined by factors other than access to quality care. Recently, the Physicians Foundation noted that eight in ten doctors “believe that the United States cannot improve health outcomes or reduce health care costs without addressing social drivers of health.”

Not surprisingly, patients who cannot afford medications or travel to appointments face ancillary health challenges. The results can be tragic. For example, we now know that black Americans in many rural areas died at a 34% higher rate during the Omicron outbreak than white Americans in the same communities because of SDOH.

Fortunately, SDOH data, when accessible and used at the practice level, makes a difference. In fact, one accountable care organization recently analyzed costly emergency room visits and found that many patients lived in the same impoverished neighborhood. Further analysis with machine learning applications found an extreme increase in ER visits on hot days – an indicator that led clinicians to realize the patients’ homes lacked air conditioning – a fact that exacerbated existing health conditions. The non-clinical and counter-intuitive step of purchasing air conditioners for the cohort dramatically decreased ER visits and made the ACO more profitable.

Mental health data

Behavioral health and physical health are, of course, connected with mental health issues often associated with comorbidities, among them substance abuse, eating disorders, anxiety and depression. As the National Institute on Drug Abuse notes, “about half of people who experience a mental illness will also experience a substance use disorder at some point in their lives and vice versa.”

Non-compliance with treatment and medication plans is also a significant issue and substance abuse can be a factor in suicides, the leading cause of death for many age groups. Clearly, practices benefit if they know of patients’ mental and behavioral health challenges before theycomplete patient assessments and as they work to ensure healthful outcomes.

Mobile device data

The pandemic dramatically accelerated the use of mobile smart phones and made them the primary communications channel for many patients and providers, from scheduling appointments to attending consultations via telemedicine. Numerous mobile applications are also now available to track patients’ progress. Examples include ones that track activity levels, blood pressure, and blood sugar – all important factors for conditions like hyper-tension and diabetes.

Practices, therefore, should be able to include data from mobile phones in their patient assessments, and be able to update the electronic health record and treatment plans with data in real-time.

Clearly, it is important for physicians and practices to incorporate “whole health” data into their health equity and value-based care efforts; however, it is a process that should not be taken alone. Any steps to incorporate external or new sources of patient-related data into the practice should be taken with a partner who understands the regulatory issues associated with personally-identifiable information, and has a keen understanding of how data will be stored, safeguarded and parsed. Finally, the partner should be well versed on how practices can use the intelligence they acquire with the many intuitive artificial intelligence, machine learning and business intelligence tools now available for business users.

Jeffery Springer is senior vice president of product management at CitiusTech.